Exam
Chemistry
20 mL of 0.1 M NaOH is added to 50 mL of 0.1 M acetic acid solution. The pH of the resulting solution is ___________ ×10−2 (Nearest integer)
Given : pKa(CH3COOH)=4.76
log2=0.30
log3=0.48
Correct Answer:
458
Explanation
First, we need to find the moles of NaOH and acetic acid (CH₃COOH) in the solution:
Moles of NaOH = Volume × Molarity = 20 mL × 0.1 M = 2 mmol
Moles of acetic acid = Volume × Molarity = 50 mL × 0.1 M = 5 mmol
Since NaOH is a strong base, it will react with acetic acid to form acetate ions (CH₃COO⁻) and water:
CH₃COOH + OH⁻ → CH₃COO⁻ + H₂O
2 mmol of NaOH will react with 2 mmol of acetic acid, resulting in 2 mmol of acetate ions and leaving 3 mmol of acetic acid unreacted.
Next, we need to find the concentrations of acetic acid and acetate ions in the resulting 70 mL solution:
Concentration of acetic acid = Moles / Total volume = 3 mmol / 70 mL = 0.04286 M
Concentration of acetate ions = Moles / Total volume = 2 mmol / 70 mL = 0.02857 M
Now we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the pH of the resulting solution:
pH = pKa + log ([A⁻] / [HA])
Given the pKa of acetic acid is 4.76, we can substitute the values:
pH = 4.76 + log (0.02857 / 0.04286)
Using the given log values, we can approximate the log value:
log (0.02857 / 0.04286) ≈ log (2/3) ≈ log 2 - log 3 ≈ 0.30 - 0.48 = -0.18
Now substitute this value back into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = 4.76 - 0.18 = 4.58
To express the pH as the nearest integer multiplied by 10⁻², multiply the pH value by 100:
4.58 × 100 = 458
So, the pH of the resulting solution is approximately 458 × 10⁻².
Moles of NaOH = Volume × Molarity = 20 mL × 0.1 M = 2 mmol
Moles of acetic acid = Volume × Molarity = 50 mL × 0.1 M = 5 mmol
Since NaOH is a strong base, it will react with acetic acid to form acetate ions (CH₃COO⁻) and water:
CH₃COOH + OH⁻ → CH₃COO⁻ + H₂O
2 mmol of NaOH will react with 2 mmol of acetic acid, resulting in 2 mmol of acetate ions and leaving 3 mmol of acetic acid unreacted.
Next, we need to find the concentrations of acetic acid and acetate ions in the resulting 70 mL solution:
Concentration of acetic acid = Moles / Total volume = 3 mmol / 70 mL = 0.04286 M
Concentration of acetate ions = Moles / Total volume = 2 mmol / 70 mL = 0.02857 M
Now we can use the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation to find the pH of the resulting solution:
pH = pKa + log ([A⁻] / [HA])
Given the pKa of acetic acid is 4.76, we can substitute the values:
pH = 4.76 + log (0.02857 / 0.04286)
Using the given log values, we can approximate the log value:
log (0.02857 / 0.04286) ≈ log (2/3) ≈ log 2 - log 3 ≈ 0.30 - 0.48 = -0.18
Now substitute this value back into the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = 4.76 - 0.18 = 4.58
To express the pH as the nearest integer multiplied by 10⁻², multiply the pH value by 100:
4.58 × 100 = 458
So, the pH of the resulting solution is approximately 458 × 10⁻².
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