Exam
Chemistry
The total number of intensive properties from the following is __________
Volume, Molar heat capacity, Molarity, Eθ cell, Gibbs free energy change, Molar mass, Mole
Correct Answer:
4
Explanation
Intensive properties are independent of the amount of the substance. They don't change with the size or mass of a sample. Examples include temperature, pressure, density, and concentration.
Intensive properties :
1. Molarity : Molarity is a measure of concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It doesn't depend on the total volume of the solution but only on the ratio of the amount of solute to the amount of solution.
2.
3. Molar heat capacity : This is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). It's an intrinsic property because it's defined per mole of substance.
4. Molar mass : Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It's independent of the quantity of the substance because it's defined per mole.
On the other hand, extensive properties depend on the amount of the substance. They change when the size or mass of a sample changes. For instance, mass and volume are extensive properties.
Extensive properties :
1. Volume: The volume of a substance depends on the amount of that substance. For instance, one liter of water has half the volume of two liters of water.
2. Gibbs free energy change (∆G) : This is the maximum reversible work that a thermodynamic system can perform at constant temperature and pressure. It depends on the number of moles of reactants and products, so it's an extensive property.
3. Mole : The mole is a unit of measurement for amount of substance in the International System of Units (SI). It's a count of a very large number of particles, typically atoms or molecules. Like mass or volume, it's an extensive property because it depends on the quantity of the substance.
Intensive properties :
1. Molarity : Molarity is a measure of concentration, defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It doesn't depend on the total volume of the solution but only on the ratio of the amount of solute to the amount of solution.
2.
Eθ
cell (standard cell potential) : This is a measure of the potential difference between the anode and cathode in an electrochemical cell under standard conditions. It's independent of the amount of material in the cell.
3. Molar heat capacity : This is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one mole of a substance by one degree Celsius (or Kelvin). It's an intrinsic property because it's defined per mole of substance.
4. Molar mass : Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams per mole (g/mol). It's independent of the quantity of the substance because it's defined per mole.
On the other hand, extensive properties depend on the amount of the substance. They change when the size or mass of a sample changes. For instance, mass and volume are extensive properties.
Extensive properties :
1. Volume: The volume of a substance depends on the amount of that substance. For instance, one liter of water has half the volume of two liters of water.
2. Gibbs free energy change (∆G) : This is the maximum reversible work that a thermodynamic system can perform at constant temperature and pressure. It depends on the number of moles of reactants and products, so it's an extensive property.
3. Mole : The mole is a unit of measurement for amount of substance in the International System of Units (SI). It's a count of a very large number of particles, typically atoms or molecules. Like mass or volume, it's an extensive property because it depends on the quantity of the substance.
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