(b): We have R1 = {(a,b) ∈ N × N:∣a − b∣ ≤ 13} and R2 = {(a,b) ∈ N × N:∣a − b∣ = 13} In R1: Since ∣4 − 13∣ = 9 ≤ 13 ∴ (4,13) in R1 and (13,20) in R1 But (4,20) ∈/ R1 ∴ R1 is not transitive. Therefore R1 is not equivalence. In R2:(26,6) in R2 and (6,39) in R2 but (26,39) ∈/ R2(∵∣26 − 39∣ = 13) ∴ R2 is not transitive. Therefore R2 is not equivalence.