Then x=a+(m−1) d and x=b rm−1 y=a+(n−1) d and y=b rn−1 z=a+(p−1) d and z=b rp−1 ∴ x−y=(m−n) d, y−z=(n−p) d, z−x=(p−m) d Now xy−z yz−x zx−y=[b rm−1](n−p) d[b rn−1](p−m) d[b rp−1](m−n) d= b[n−p+p−m+m−n] d r[(m−1)(n−p)+(n−1)(p−m)+(p−1)(m−n)] d=b0 ⋅ d r0 ⋅ d=1